Abortion safe hai ya nahi?

Abortion (jise Medical Termination of Pregnancy ya MTP bhi kehte hain) tab safe hota hai jab use legal tarike se aur qualified medical professionals द्वारा ek approved facility mein perform kiya jaata hai. India mein, Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act, 2021 ke तहत abortion legal hai, aur isne pehle ke MTP Act, 1971 mein kai significant changes kiye hain.

Agar abortion ko kisi unqualified person ya unapproved jagah par karwaya jaaye, toh woh unsafe ho sakta hai aur usse jaan ka khatra (maternal mortality) aur serious health complications ho sakte hain, jaise infection, excessive bleeding, ya incomplete abortion. India mein, unsafe abortions maternal deaths ka teesra sabse bada reason hain.

Chaliye iske baare mein detail mein jaante hain:

1. Abortion Safe Kab Hota Hai?

Abortion tab safe mana jaata hai jab:

• Ek Registered Medical Practitioner (RMP) dwara kiya gaya ho.
• Kisi government hospital ya government-approved private clinic/medical centre mein kiya gaya ho.
• Saare medical guidelines aur protocols ko follow kiya gaya ho.

MTP Act, 2021 ka aim hi hai women ko safe aur legal abortion services provide karna, jisse unsafe abortions aur unse hone wali deaths ko kam kiya ja sake.

2. India Mein Abortion Ki Legality aur Time Limits:

India mein MTP (Amendment) Act, 2021 ke mutabik, abortion in conditions mein legal hai:

• Up to 20 Weeks of Gestation (garbhavastha):

  • Agar pregnancy continue karne se woman ki life ko risk ho ya uski physical ya mental health ko serious injury ho.
  • Agar fetus mein koi aisi substantial abnormality ho jiske karan bachcha paida hone par seriously handicapped ho sakta hai.
  • Contraceptive failure ke cases mein (married aur unmarried dono women ke liye).
  • Is duration mein, sirf ek Registered Medical Practitioner (RMP) ki opinion kaafi hoti hai.

• 20 se 24 Weeks of Gestation:

  • Yeh limit special categories ki women ke liye badhai gayi hai, jaise:
    • Rape survivors.
    • Victims of incest.
    • Minors (jinhe guardian ki written consent chahiye).
    • Differently-abled women.
    • Aur anya vulnerable women.
  • Is duration mein, do Registered Medical Practitioners ki opinion zaroori hoti hai.

• Beyond 24 Weeks of Gestation:

  • Sirf tab permissible hai jab severe foetal abnormalities detect ki jaati hain, aur iske liye State-appointed Medical Board ki approval zaroori hoti hai.

Important: MTP Act ke तहत, ek adult woman ko abortion ke liye apne husband ya family members ki permission ki zaroorat nahi hoti. Lekin, minors (18 saal se kam) ko apne guardian ki written consent chahiye hoti hai.

3. Abortion Ke Methods:

India mein mainly do tarah ke safe abortion methods available hain, jo pregnancy ke duration par depend karte hain:

• Medical Abortion (Pills dwara):

  • Yeh method early pregnancy (aam taur par 9 weeks tak) ke liye use hota hai.
  • Isme doctor ke prescription par Mifepristone aur Misoprostol jaisi medicines di jaati hain.
  • Mifepristone clinic mein administer ki jaati hai, aur Misoprostol ko ghar par self-administer kiya ja sakta hai.
  • Pills lene ke baad bleeding shuru hoti hai jo 5-7 din tak reh sakti hai.
  • Pills lene ke baad doctor se follow-up zaroori hota hai, jisse yeh confirm ho sake ki abortion complete ho gaya hai aur koi complication nahi hai.

• Surgical Abortion (Procedure dwara):

  • Yeh method aam taur par 9 weeks ke baad ki pregnancies ke liye recommend kiya jaata hai.
  • Isme vacuum aspiration ya Dilation and Evacuation (D&E) jaise procedures shamil hote hain.
  • Yeh procedures local ya general anaesthesia ke under kiye jaate hain.
  • Ek chhoti suction cannula uterus mein introduce karke pregnancy contents ko gently suck kiya jaata hai.
  • Procedure ke dauran ultrasound guidance use ki jaati hai taaki uterus ko koi trauma na ho aur procedure complete ho.

4. Unsafe Abortion Ke Risks:

Agar abortion ko illegal ya untrained providers dwara kiya jaata hai, toh uske bahut गंभीर (serious) consequences ho sakte hain:

• Hemorrhage (heavy bleeding): Jaanleva khoon ki kami.
• Infection (sepsis): Uterus mein ya poore shareer mein gambhir infection.
• Incomplete abortion: Pregnancy ke kuch parts uterus mein reh jaana, jisse further complications ho sakti hain.
• Uterine perforation: Uterus mein chhed ho jaana, jo bahut dangerous ho sakta hai.
• Long-term health issues: Chronic pelvic pain, pelvic inflammatory disease, aur infertility.
• Death: Unsafe abortions India mein maternal deaths ka ek major cause hain.

5. Kahan Aur Kaise Safe Abortion Services Prapt Karein:

Agar aapko abortion services chahiye, toh in baaton ka dhyaan rakhein:

1. Registered Medical Practitioner (RMP) se consult karein: Sabse pehle ek qualified gynaecologist ya obstetrics specialist se milen.
2. Approved MTP Centre choose karein: Sirf government-approved hospitals ya private clinics mein hi abortion karwayen. Aap state health department websites par clinic ki legitimacy verify kar sakte hain.
3. Pregnancy duration confirm karein: Ultrasound se pregnancy ki exact duration pata karein, kyunki is par hi method aur legality depend karti hai.
4. Medical history disclose karein: Apni poori medical history doctor ko batayein.
5. Confidentiality: MTP Act confidentiality maintain karta hai. Aapki identity disclose nahi ki jaayegi.

Official Source: Aap Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India ki official website (mohfw.gov.in) par MTP Act aur uske guidelines ke baare mein aur jaankari prapt kar sakte hain.

Cost: India mein government ke public national health insurance funds, jaise Ayushman Bharat aur Employees' State Insurance, abortion services ke cost ko cover karte hain. Surgical abortion ka package rate ₹15,500 (US$180) tak ho sakta hai, aur medical abortion ka package rate ₹1,500 (US$18) tak ho sakta hai.

Conclusion: Abortion tab bilkul safe hai jab use India ke Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act, 2021 ke under, ek qualified doctor dwara, ek authorized medical facility mein kiya jaata hai. Apni safety ke liye hamesha legal aur authorized channels ka hi use karein.

🔞 Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only (18+). For personal health concerns, consult a doctor.